Transitivity pairs

Godan verb with `ku' ending, intransitive verb

to grow hot (of water, etc.); to boil

to be in a state of excitement; to get excited; to take place energetically

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb

to fall down; to drop; to fall (e.g. rain); to sink (e.g. sun or moon); to fall onto (e.g. light or one's gaze); to be used in a certain place (e.g. money)

to be omitted; to be missing

to decrease; to sink

to fail (e.g. exam or class); to lose (contest, election, etc.)

to crash; to degenerate; to degrade; to fall behind

to become indecent (of a conversation)

to be ruined; to go under

to fade; to come out (e.g. a stain); to come off (e.g. makeup); to be removed (e.g. illness, possessing spirit, name on a list)

to fall (into someone's hands); to become someone's possession

to fall (into a trap); to fall (for a trick)

to give in; to give up; to confess; to flee

to fall; to be defeated; to surrender

to come to (in the end); to end in

to fall (in love, asleep, etc.)

to swoon (judo)

to consent; to understand

computer terminology

to crash; to freeze

(of animals) to die

to move to the depths

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb

to get dirty; to become dirty

to become sullied

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb

to be broken; to break

to fall through; to come to nothing

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb

to go out; to vanish; to disappear

Godan verb with `ku' ending, intransitive verb

to be attached; to be connected with; to adhere; to stick; to cling

to remain imprinted; to scar; to stain; to dye

to bear (fruit, interest, etc.)

to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)

to take root

to accompany; to attend; to follow; to study with

to side with; to belong to

to possess; to haunt

to be lit; to be lighted

to be settled; to be resolved; to be decided

to be given (of a name, price, etc.)

to be sensed; to be perceived

to be lucky

suffix, Godan verb with `ku' ending

(after -masu stems, onomatopoeic and mimetic words) to become (a state, condition, etc.)

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb

to go out; to exit; to leave

to appear; to come forth; to be published

to answer (the phone or door)

Godan verb with `ru' ending

to enter

to break into

to join; to enroll

to contain; to hold; to accommodate

to have (an income of)

Godan verb with `ru' ending, intransitive verb

to be shut; to close; to be closed

to be locked

to tighten; to be tightened

to become sober; to become tense

Godan verb with `ku' ending, intransitive verb

to open (e.g. doors)

to open (e.g. business, etc.)

to be empty

to be vacant; to be available; to be free

to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.)

to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)

to come to an end

Godan verb with `ku' ending, transitive verb

to open (one's eyes, mouth, etc.)

Godan verb with `ku' ending, intransitive verb

to have a hole; to form a gap; to have an interval (between events)

Godan verb with `su' ending, transitive verb

to boil; to heat

to excite

to melt (metal)

Godan verb with `su' ending, transitive verb

to drop; to lose; to let fall; to shed (light); to cast (one's gaze); to pour in (liquid); to leave behind

to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose; to spend money at a certain place; to omit; to leave out; to secretly let escape

to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to fail (a course); to defeat (in an election)

to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice); to lessen (e.g. production or body weight); to worsen (quality); to reduce (e.g. rank or popularity); to speak badly of; to make light of; to fall into straitened circumstances

to fall into (e.g. a dilemma or sin); to make one's own; to have one's bid accepted; to force surrender; to take (e.g. an enemy camp or castle); to forcefully convince; to press for a confession; to deal with

computer terminology

to download; to copy from a computer to another medium

Martial Arts Term

to make someone swoon (judo)

to finish a story (e.g. with the punch line)

to finish (a period, e.g. of fasting)

Godan verb with `su' ending, transitive verb

to pollute; to contaminate; to soil; to make dirty; to stain

to disgrace; to dishonour; to dishonor; to defile

Godan verb with `su' ending, transitive verb

to break; to destroy; to demolish

to wreck; to ruin; to spoil; to damage

to break (a bill, etc.)

Godan verb with `su' ending, transitive verb

to erase; to delete; to cross out

to turn off power

to extinguish; to put out

to bump off