JLPT N1 Vocabulary List
You need around 3,087 words for the JLPT N1 — the advanced level: near-native reading and nuanced comprehension. The full list is below, ordered by how common each word is in everyday Japanese, and every word links into our dictionary for full meanings, readings, and example sentences.
A note on "official": the JLPT stopped publishing lists in 2010, so every N1 vocabulary list — ours included — is reconstructed from past exams and established prep materials. Treat it as the working set you should recognise to pass comfortably.
| Word | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 荷 | に | load; baggage; cargo |
| 氏 | うじ | family name; lineage; birth |
| 出切る | できる | to be out of; to have no more at hand; (n) alles verkauft haben |
| 会 | え | gathering (esp. Buddhist, festive, etc.); rassemblement, rencontre (festival, évènement religieux, travaux...); (n) Zusammenkunft zu buddhistischem Ritual od. Fest |
| 股 | また | crotch; crutch; groin |
| 丈 | たけ | height; stature; hauteur |
| 館 | やかた | mansion; small castle |
| 派 | は | clique; faction; school |
| 新 | しん | new; neo-; néo- |
| 改革 | かいかく | reform; reformation; innovation |
| 織る | おる | to weave; tisser; (n) weben |
| 社 | やしろ | shrine (usually Shinto); haut lieu Shinto; sanctuaire Shinto |
| 選挙 | せんきょ | election; élection; выборы |
| 政権 | せいけん | (political) administration; political power; pouvoir politique |
| 国連 | こくれん | UN; United Nations; ONU |
| 黄金 | おうごん | gold; or; (n) Gold |
| 入る | いる | to get in; to go in; to come in |
| 東 | あずま | east |
| 会談 | かいだん | conversation; conference (usu. between important people); discussion |
| 政策 | せいさく | political measures; policy; politique |
| 協議 | きょうぎ | conference; consultation; discussion |
| 開発 | かいはつ | development; exploitation; développement |
| 認める | したためる | to write up; (n) schreiben; niederschreiben |
| 交渉 | こうしょう | negotiations; discussions; discussions |
| 初 | はつ | first; new; premier |
| 合意 | ごうい | agreement; consent; mutual understanding |
| 機 | はた | loom; métier à tisser; (n) Webstuhl |
| 会見 | かいけん | interview; audience; entretien |
| 外相 | がいしょう | Foreign Minister; ministre des affaires étrangères; (n) Außenminister (Kurzbez. für gaimudaijin) |
| 首脳 | しゅのう | head; brains; leading spirit |
| 支持 | しじ | support; holding up; propping |
| 資金 | しきん | funds; capital; fonds |
| 対応 | たいおう | interaction; correspondence; coping with |
| 戦 | いくさ | war; battle; campaign |
| 制 | せい | system; organization; organisation |
| 幹部 | かんぶ | management; (executive) staff; leaders |
| 事業 | じぎょう | project; enterprise; business |
| 指摘 | してき | pointing out; identification; identification |
| 供 | とも | companion; follower; attendant |
| 核 | かく | pit (of a fruit); stone; noyau |
| 審議 | しんぎ | deliberation; délibération; (n) Beratung |
| 協会 | きょうかい | association; society; organization |
| 一部 | いちぶ | one part; one portion; one section |
| 法案 | ほうあん | bill (law); projet de loi; (n) Gesetzentwurf |
| 派遣 | はけん | dispatch; despatch; deployment |
| 系 | けい | system; lineage; group |
| 代 | しろ | substitution; matériau; prix |
| 動き | うごき | movement; activity; trend |
| 条約 | じょうやく | treaty; pact; convention |
| 官 | かん | government service; the bureaucracy; (n) Regierung |
| 長官 | ちょうかん | secretary (government); director; chief |
| 発言 | はつげん | utterance; speech; proposal |
| 際 | きわ | edge; brink; verge |
| 末 | うら | top end; tip; extrémité |
| 与党 | よとう | ruling party; government party; party in power |
| 高 | たか | quantity; amount; volume |
| 投資 | とうし | investment; investissement; (n) Investition |
| 取引 | とりひき | transactions; dealings; business |
| 施設 | しせつ | institution; establishment; facility |
| 生 | き | pure; undiluted; raw |
| 開催 | かいさい | holding a meeting; open an exhibition; ouvrir une exposition |
| 捜査 | そうさ | search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry |
| 策 | さく | plan; policy; projet |
| 軍事 | ぐんじ | military affairs; affaires militaires; (n) Militärangelegenheiten |
| 連邦 | れんぽう | commonwealth; federation of states; confederation |
| 報道 | ほうどう | information; report; journalism |
| 費 | ひ | cost; expense; coût |
| 見通し | みとおし | unobstructed view; perspective; visibility |
| 規制 | きせい | regulation; (traffic) policing; control |
| 内閣 | ないかく | cabinet; (government) ministry; cabinet/ministère |
| 措置 | そち | measure; measures; step |
| 導入 | どうにゅう | introduction; bringing in; leading in |
| 野党 | やとう | opposition party; political opposition; opposition |
| 宣言 | せんげん | declaration; proclamation; announcement |
| 雄 | おす | male (animal); mâle (animal); самец |
| 予想 | よそう | expectation; anticipation; prediction |
| 勢力 | せいりょく | influence; power; might |
| 保護 | ほご | care; protection; shelter |
| 要請 | ようせい | appeal; call for something; request |
| メーカー | メーカー | manufacturer; maker; fabricant |
| 書 | しょ | document; book |
| 十分 | じっぷん | 10 minutes; 10 minutes; 10 минут |
| 図る | はかる | to plot; to attempt; to plan |
| 推進 | すいしん | propulsion; driving force; force qui emmène vers l'avant |
| 調べ | しらべ | investigation; inspection; examination |
| 設置 | せっち | establishment; institution; création |
| 件 | くだん | the above-mentioned; the said; (man, incident, etc.) in question |
| 見方 | みかた | viewpoint; point of view; manière de voir |
| 総合 | そうごう | synthesis; coordination; putting together |
| システム | システム | system; système; систе́ма |
| 美 | び | beauty; beau (arts); beauté |
| 課題 | かだい | subject; theme; issue |
| 業者 | ぎょうしゃ | trader; merchant; commerçant |
| 行政 | ぎょうせい | administration; administration; (n) Verwaltung |
| 公開 | こうかい | open to the public; exhibit; ouvert au public |
| 危機 | きき | crisis; crise; moment décisif |
| 民族 | みんぞく | people; race; nation |
| 問う | とう | to ask; to question; to inquire |
| 削減 | さくげん | cut; reduction; curtailment |
| 緊急 | きんきゅう | urgent; pressing; emergency |
| 協定 | きょうてい | arrangement; pact; agreement |
| 伴う | ともなう | to accompany; to bring with; to be accompanied by |
| 判決 | はんけつ | judicial decision; judgement; judgment |
| 融資 | ゆうし | financing; loan; financemement |
| 地元 | じもと | home area; home town; du pays |
| 機構 | きこう | mechanism; organization; organisation |
| 決議 | けつぎ | resolution; vote; decision |
| 仏 | ふつ | France; (n) Frankreich (Abk.) |
| 拒否 | きょひ | denial; veto; rejection |
| 負担 | ふたん | burden; charge; responsibility |
| 総会 | そうかい | general meeting; assemblée générale; общее собрание |
| 日夜 | にちや | day and night; always; (n) Tag und Nacht |
| 認識 | にんしき | recognition; cognizance; cognisance |
| 種 | しゅ | kind; variety |
| 従来 | じゅうらい | up to now; so far; traditional |
| 確保 | かくほ | guarantee; maintain; ensure |
| 大幅 | おおはば | big; large; drastic |
| 論議 | ろんぎ | discussion; argument; debate |
| 現地 | げんち | actual place; local; on-site |
| 取り組む | とりくむ | to tackle; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout |
| 規模 | きぼ | scale; scope; plan |
| 背景 | はいけい | background; scenery; backdrop |
| 発生 | はっせい | outbreak; spring forth; occurrence |
| 設立 | せつりつ | establishment; founding; incorporation (of a business) |
| 情勢 | じょうせい | state of things; state of affairs; condition |
| 主催 | しゅさい | sponsorship (i.e. conducting under one's auspices); promotion; organizing |
| 反発 | はんぱつ | to repel; to oppose; to revolt |
| 購入 | こうにゅう | purchase; buy; achat |
| 原則 | げんそく | principle; general rule; principe |
| 防衛 | ぼうえい | defense; defence; protection |
| 自ずから | おのずから | naturally; as a matter of course; bien-sûr |
| 作 | さく | a work; a harvest; un travail |
| 領土 | りょうど | dominion; territory; possession |
| 部門 | ぶもん | division (of a larger group); branch; field |
| 採用 | さいよう | use; adoption; acceptance |
| 職員 | しょくいん | staff member; personnel; (membre du) personnel |
| 提供 | ていきょう | offer; tender; program sponsoring |
| 財政 | ざいせい | financial affairs; public finance; administration financière |
| 不況 | ふきょう | recession; depression; slump |
| 経る | へる | to pass; to elapse; to experience |
| 文 | ふみ | letter; writings; écrits |
| 上回る | うわまわる | to exceed (esp. figures: profits, unemployment rate, etc.); to surpass; to be more than |
| 意向 | いこう | intention; idea; inclination |
| 構想 | こうそう | plan; plot; idea |
| 打 | ダース | dozen; douzaine; (n) Dutzend |
| 処分 | しょぶん | disposal; dealing (with a problem); disposition |
| 当選 | とうせん | being elected; être élu; être choisi |
| 発足 | ほっそく | starting; inauguration; launch |
| 癌 | がん | cancer; cancer; (n) Krebs |
| 株式 | かぶしき | stock (company); action boursière; (n) Aktien |
| 蔵相 | ぞうしょう | Minister of Finance; Ministère des Finances; (n) Finanzminister |
| 赤字 | あかじ | deficit; (being in or going into) the red; déficit |
| 運営 | うんえい | management; administration; operation |
| 訪れる | おとずれる | to visit; to call on; aller voir |
| 転換 | てんかん | convert; divert; changement |
| 関税 | かんぜい | tariff (import tax); duty; customs |
| 獲得 | かくとく | acquisition; possession; acquisition |
| 直ぐ | すぐ | immediately; at once; directly |
| 果たす | はたす | to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out |
| ポイント | ポイント | point |
| 方式 | ほうしき | form; method; system |
| 声明 | せいめい | declaration; statement; proclamation |
| 業務 | ぎょうむ | business; affairs; duties |
| 崩壊 | ほうかい | collapse; crumbling; breaking down |
| 票 | ひょう | label; ballot; ticket |
| 疑惑 | ぎわく | doubt; misgivings; distrust |
| 独自 | どくじ | original; peculiar; characteristic |
| 嘗て | かつて | once; before; formerly |
| 当然 | とうぜん | natural; as a matter of course; évidemment |
| 制裁 | せいさい | restraint; sanctions; punishment |
| 振り | ふり | swing; shake; wave |
| 上昇 | じょうしょう | rising; ascending; climbing |
| 行為 | こうい | act; deed; conduct |
| 紛争 | ふんそう | dispute; trouble; strife |
| 保守 | ほしゅ | maintenance; conservation; conservation (réactionnaire) |
| 監視 | かんし | observation; guarding; inspection |
| 高まる | たかまる | to rise; to swell; to be promoted |
| 唾 | つば | saliva; spit; sputum |
| 企画 | きかく | planning; project; plan |
| 街 | がい | .. street; .. quarter; .. district |
| 受け入れる | うけいれる | to accept; to receive; to agree |
| 訴訟 | そしょう | litigation; lawsuit; litige |
| 隊 | たい | party; group; crew |
| 福祉 | ふくし | welfare; well-being; social welfare |
| 取材 | しゅざい | collecting data (e.g. for a newspaper article); covering an event; données |
| 緩和 | かんわ | relief; mitigation; alleviation |
| 保険 | ほけん | insurance; guarantee; assurance |
| 減少 | げんしょう | decrease; reduction; decline |
| 世論 | よろん | public opinion; opinion publique; (n) öffentliche Meinung |
| 世代 | せだい | generation; the world; the age |
| 通常 | つうじょう | common; general; normal |
| 進出 | しんしゅつ | advance (into a new market or stage of progress); launching (a new career or venture); expanding (into a new market) |
| 治療 | ちりょう | medical treatment; cure; traitement médical |
| 結成 | けっせい | formation; combination; création |
| 強まる | つよまる | to get strong; to gain strength; fortifier |
| 作り | つくり | making; producing; manufacturing |
| 当たり | あたり | hit; coup; par ... (unités) |
| 連盟 | れんめい | league; federation; union |
| ホール | ホール | hall; hall; trou (golf) |
| 生ける | いける | to arrange (flowers); to plant; disposer (fleurs) |
| 比例 | ひれい | proportion; proportion; (n) Verhältnis |
| 現行 | げんこう | present; current; in operation |
| 勝利 | しょうり | victory; triumph; conquest |
| 決勝 | けっしょう | decision of a contest; finals (in sports); finale (sport) |
| 国防 | こくぼう | national defence; national defense; défense nationale |
| 雇用 | こよう | employment (long term); hire; emploi (à long terme) |
| 不動産 | ふどうさん | real estate; bien immobilier; propriété |
| 挑戦 | ちょうせん | challenge; defiance; défi |
| 証言 | しょうげん | evidence; testimony; témoignage |
| 曲 | きょく | tune; piece of music; air |
| 体験 | たいけん | personal experience; expérience personnelle; собственный опыт |
| 原 | げん | original; primitive; primary |
| 欲 | よく | greed; craving; desire |
| 名誉 | めいよ | honor; honour; credit |
| アップ | アップ | increasing; vers le haut |
| 設ける | もうける | to create; to establish; établir |
| 審査 | しんさ | judging; inspection; examination |
| 不明 | ふめい | unknown; obscure; indistinct |
| 秘書 | ひしょ | (private) secretary; secrétaire (privé) |
| 人民 | じんみん | people; public; peuple |
| 設定 | せってい | establishment; creation; posing (a problem) |
| データ | データ | data; datum; données |
| 実態 | じったい | true state; actual condition; reality |
| 何て | なんて | how ..!; what ..!; comme...! |
| 促進 | そくしん | promotion; acceleration; encouragement |
| 文書 | ぶんしょ | document; writing; letter |
| 破壊 | はかい | destruction; disruption; destruction |
| 廃止 | はいし | abolition; repeal; abolition |
| 枠 | わく | frame; slide; border |
| 同盟 | どうめい | alliance; union; league |
| 自信 | じしん | self-confidence; confidence (in oneself); confiance en soi |
| 配慮 | はいりょ | consideration; concern; forethought |
| 出演 | しゅつえん | performance; stage appearance; entrée en scène |
| 規定 | きてい | regulation; provisions; prescription |
| 柱 | はしら | pillar; post; pilier |
| 悪化 | あっか | (suffer) deterioration; growing worse; aggravation |
| 優先 | ゆうせん | preference; priority; precedence |
| レース | レース | race |
| 戦闘 | せんとう | battle; fight; combat |
| 極めて | きわめて | exceedingly; extremely; decisively |
| 達成 | たっせい | achievement; accomplissement; exploit |
| 意欲 | いよく | will; desire; ambition |
| 嬢 | じょう | unmarried woman |
| 採択 | さいたく | adoption; selection; choice |
| 世 | よ | world; society; age |
| 生かす | いかす | to make (the best) use of; to leverage (skills, attributes, experience, etc.); to capitalise on (experience, etc) |
| 感染 | かんせん | infection; contagion; contagion |
| 基金 | ききん | fund; foundation; fonds (capital) |
| 公演 | こうえん | public performance; représentation publique |
| 逆転 | ぎゃくてん | (sudden) change; reversal; turn-around |
| 演出 | えんしゅつ | production (e.g. play); direction; direction |
| 有力 | ゆうりょく | influential; prominent; domination |
| 資産 | しさん | property; fortune; means |
| 調印 | ちょういん | signature; signing; sealing |
| 統合 | とうごう | integration; unification; synthesis |
| 成果 | せいか | fruits (of one's labors); results; fruits |
| 作戦 | さくせん | tactics; strategy; manœuvre |
| 陣 | じん | battle formation; camp; encampment |
| 及び | および | and; as well as; aussi bien...que... |
| 掲げる | かかげる | to publish; to print; to carry (an article) |
| 対話 | たいわ | dialogue; discussion; conversation |
| 超 | ちょう | super-; ultra-; hyper- |
| 強める | つよめる | to strengthen; to emphasize; to emphasise |
| 自己 | じこ | self; oneself; soi |
| 証人 | しょうにん | witness; témoin; (n) Zeuge |
| 警戒 | けいかい | vigilance; precaution; watch |
| 決断 | けつだん | decision; determination; décision |
| 固める | かためる | to harden; to freeze; to strengthen |
| 武装 | ぶそう | arms; armament; armed |
| 対抗 | たいこう | opposition; antagonism; opposition |
| 内部 | ないぶ | interior; inside; internal |
| 及ぶ | およぶ | to reach; to amount to; to befall |
| 新人 | しんじん | new face; newcomer; débutant |
| 掲載 | けいさい | publication (e.g. article in paper); appearance; insertion |
| 所得 | しょとく | income; earnings; gains |
| 登録 | とうろく | registration; accession; register |
| 非難 | ひなん | criticism; blame; censure |
| 運用 | うんよう | making use of; application; practical use |
| 一敗 | いっぱい | one defeat; (n) eine Niederlage |
| 返還 | へんかん | return; restoration; retour |
| 決意 | けつい | decision; determination; décision |
| 黒字 | くろじ | balance (figure) in the black; bénéfice; balance positive |
| 確立 | かくりつ | establishment; settlement; établissement |
| 前提 | ぜんてい | preamble; premise; reason |
| 勤務 | きんむ | service; duty; work |
| アラブ | アラブ | Arab; ара́б; (n) Araber (Mensch und Pferd) |
| 追及 | ついきゅう | investigation (e.g. into someone's guilt); questioning; pressing |
| 定める | さだめる | to decide; to establish; to determine |
| 指揮 | しき | command; direction; commandement |
| 強制 | きょうせい | obligation; coercion; compulsion |
| 美術 | びじゅつ | art; fine arts; art |
| 妥協 | だきょう | compromise; giving in; compromis |
| 是正 | ぜせい | correction; revision; correction |
| 僕 | しもべ | servant; manservant; menial |
| デザイン | デザイン | design; design; dessin |
| 恐れ | おそれ | fear; horror; anxiety |
| 復活 | ふっかつ | revival (e.g. musical); come-back; résurrection |
| 演じる | えんじる | to perform (a play); to play (a part); to act (a part) |
| 官僚 | かんりょう | bureaucrat; bureaucracy; bureaucrate |
| 圏 | けん | sphere; circle; range |
| 正常 | せいじょう | normalcy; normality; normal |
| 強 | きょう | a little over; a little more than |
| 権力 | けんりょく | (political) power; authority; influence |
| 武力 | ぶりょく | armed might; military power; the sword |
| 反応 | はんのう | reaction; response; réaction |
| 決算 | けっさん | balance sheet; settlement of accounts; reporting (of accounts) |
| 映像 | えいぞう | reflection; image; picture (e.g. on a television) |
| オープン | オープン | open; ouverture; (n) Eröffnung |
| マスコミ | マスコミ | mass communication; the media; communication de masse |
| 革命 | かくめい | revolution; révolution |
| 資格 | しかく | qualifications; requirements; capabilities |
| 殺人 | さつじん | murder; assassinat; homicide |
| 損失 | そんしつ | loss (e.g. assets or profits); dommages; pertes |
| 抗議 | こうぎ | protest; objection; objection |
| 天 | てん | sky; ciel; paradis |
| 再建 | さいけん | rebuilding; reconstruction; rehabilitation |
| 充実 | じゅうじつ | fullness; completion; perfection |
| 展示 | てんじ | exhibition; display; étalage |
| 確定 | かくてい | decision; settlement; décision |
| 賠償 | ばいしょう | reparations; indemnity; compensation |
| ブーム | ブーム | boom; boom; engouement |
| ベスト | ベスト | best; (son) mieux; meilleur |
| 要望 | ようぼう | demand for; request; demander |
| 預金 | よきん | deposit; bank account; compte en banque |
| 補償 | ほしょう | compensation; reparation; compensation |
| 富 | とみ | wealth; fortune; fortune |
| 解除 | かいじょ | cancellation; rescinding; release |
| 自主 | じしゅ | independence; autonomy; autonomie |
| 応募 | おうぼ | subscription; application; acte de postuler |
| 協調 | きょうちょう | cooperation; conciliation; harmony |
| 従業員 | じゅうぎょういん | employee; worker; employé |
| 受け止める | うけとめる | to catch; to stop the blow; to react to |
| 進展 | しんてん | progress; development; suite |
| 補助 | ほじょ | assistance; support; aid |
| 絡む | からむ | to entangle; to entwine; lacer |
| 事前 | じぜん | prior; beforehand; in advance |
| 得点 | とくてん | score; points made; marks obtained |
| 介入 | かいにゅう | intervention; immixtion; intervention |
| 提示 | ていじ | presentation; exhibit; suggest |
| 廃棄 | はいき | annulment; disposal; abandonment |
| 控える | ひかえる | to be temperate in; to restrain oneself from excessive ...; prendre des notes |
| 受け入れ | うけいれ | receiving; acceptance; (n) Aufnahme |
| 同士 | どうし | fellow; mutual; companion |
| マーク | マーク | mark; marque |
| 関与 | かんよ | participation; taking part in; participating in |
| 向上 | こうじょう | elevation; rise; improvement |
| 動向 | どうこう | trend; tendency; movement |
| 一気 | いっき | chug!; drink! (said repeatedly as a party cheer); (n) ein Atemzug |
| 権限 | けんげん | power; authority; jurisdiction |
| 流通 | りゅうつう | circulation of money or goods; flow of water or air; distribution |
| 合併 | がっぺい | combination; union; amalgamation |
| 齎す | もたらす | to bring; to take; to bring about |
| ベース | ベース | base |
| 臨む | のぞむ | to look out on; avoir vue sur; donner sur |
| 分裂 | ぶんれつ | split; division; break up |
| 回収 | かいしゅう | collection; recovery; withdrawal |
| 報じる | ほうじる | to inform; to report; informer |
| 争い | あらそい | dispute; strife; quarrel |
| 杯 | さかずき | sake cup; cup for alcoholic beverages; coupe |
| 要因 | よういん | main cause; primary factor; facteur primaire |
| 圧力 | あつりょく | stress; pressure; pression |
| リード | リード | lead (in a game, dance, etc.); being in the lead; être à la tête |
| 見込み | みこみ | hope; promise; possibility |
| 上位 | じょうい | superior (rank not class); ranking; (octet de) poids fort |
| 国交 | こっこう | diplomatic relations; relations diplomatiques; (n) diplomatische Beziehungen |
| 退職 | たいしょく | retirement (from office); démission; retraite |
| 本格 | ほんかく | original method or procedure |
| 財源 | ざいげん | source of funds; resources; finances |
| ビジネス | ビジネス | business; affaires; би́знес |
| ファン | ファン | fan; admirateur (fan); amusement (fun) |
| 比率 | ひりつ | ratio; proportion; percentage |
| 説得 | せっとく | persuasion; persuasion; убежде́ние (кого-л.) |
| 付き | つき | furnished with; including |
| 先行 | せんこう | preceding; going first; leading |
| 突破 | とっぱ | breaking through; breakthrough; penetration |
| 象徴 | しょうちょう | symbol; emblème; symbole |
| 世帯 | せたい | household; home; family |
| 腐敗 | ふはい | decay; depravity; corruption |
| 兵器 | へいき | arms; weapons; ordnance |
| スピード | スピード | speed; rapidité; vitesse |
| 単独 | たんどく | sole; independence; single |
| 所属 | しょぞく | attached to; belong to; member |
| 類 | るい | kind; sort; class |
| 活発 | かっぱつ | vigor; vigour; active |
| 輪 | りん | counter for wheels and flowers |
| 正義 | せいぎ | justice; right; righteousness |
| 負う | おう | to bear; to carry on one's back; assumer |
| 観 | かん | look; appearance; perspective |
| 実質 | じっしつ | substance; essence; (n) Substanz |
| 秩序 | ちつじょ | order; regularity; system |
| 兵士 | へいし | soldier; soldat; солда́т |
| 志 | こころざし | will; intention; motive |
| 版 | はん | edition; version; édition |
| 対決 | たいけつ | confrontation; showdown; confrontation |
| 少数 | しょうすう | minority; few; minorité |
| 業績 | ぎょうせき | achievement; performance; results |
| 欠く | かく | to lack; to break; to crack |
| 制定 | せいてい | enactment; establishment; creation |
| 抑制 | よくせい | control; restraint; suppression |
| 塾 | じゅく | coaching school; cramming school; juku |
| 勝る | まさる | to excel; to surpass; to exceed |
| 一連 | いちれん | series; chain; sequence |
| 後退 | こうたい | retreat |
| 踏まえる | ふまえる | to be based on; to have origin in; être basé sur |
| 共和 | きょうわ | republican; cooperative; (n) republikanische Regierungsform |
| 器 | うつわ | bowl; vessel; container |
| 勧告 | かんこく | advice; counsel; remonstrance |
| 加入 | かにゅう | becoming a member; joining; entry |
| 移行 | いこう | switching over to; migration; transition |
| 誠 | まこと | truth; reality |
| メディア | メディア | media; médias; носи́тель информа́ции (en: media) |
| 構え | かまえ | posture (e.g. in martial arts); pose; style |
| 占領 | せんりょう | occupation; capture; possession |
| 救済 | きゅうさい | relief; aid; rescue |
| 尽きる | つきる | to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted |
| 距離 | きょり | distance; range; distance |
| 樹立 | じゅりつ | establish; create; constituer |
| アンケート | アンケート | questionnaire; survey; enquète |
| 如何に | いかに | how; in what way; à quel point |
| 個別 | こべつ | particular case; discrete; individual |
| 原油 | げんゆ | crude oil; huile non raffinée; (n) Rohöl |
| 限定 | げんてい | limit; restriction; limite |
| 所有 | しょゆう | one's possessions; ownership; possession |
| 未 | ひつじ | eighth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Ram, 1pm-3pm, south-southwest, June); bélier (signe du Zodiaque chinois), (arch) 13h-15h, sud-sud-ouest, juin; (n) Schaf |
| 救援 | きゅうえん | relief; rescue; reinforcement |
| 格差 | かくさ | qualitative difference; disparity; différence qualitative |
| 振り返る | ふりかえる | to turn head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around |
| 配分 | はいぶん | distribution; allotment; distribuer |
| 返済 | へんさい | repayment; reimbursement; refund |
| 扱い | あつかい | treatment; service; (n) Behandlung |
| 選考 | せんこう | selection; screening; (n) Auswahl |
| 分離 | ぶんり | separation; partition; detachment |
| ショック | ショック | shock; choc; шок |
| 相場 | そうば | market price; estimation; marché des valeurs |
| 災害 | さいがい | calamity; disaster; misfortune |
| 拘わる | こだわる | to fuss over; to be particular about; être exigeant |
| タイム | タイム | time; pause; temps |
| 捜索 | そうさく | search (esp. for someone or something missing); investigation; enquête |
| 辞職 | じしょく | resignation; démission; отста́вка |
| 脳 | のう | brain; cerveau |
| 軸 | じく | axis; stem; shaft |
| 産む | うむ | to give birth; to deliver; to produce |
| 雅致 | がち | artistry; good taste; elegance |
| ルール | ルール | rule; règle; правило |
| 有 | ゆう | existence |
| 形成 | けいせい | formation; molding; taking form |
| 同意 | どうい | agreement; consent; same opinion |
| 接触 | せっしょく | touch; contact; contact |
| 経費 | けいひ | expenses; cost; outlay |
| 上演 | じょうえん | performance (e.g. music, theatre, opera); staging; représentation |
| 再生 | さいせい | playback; regeneration; resuscitation |
| 主導 | しゅどう | main leadership; leader; (n) Führung |
| 多様 | たよう | diverse; varied; diversité |
| 深める | ふかめる | to deepen; to heighten; to intensify |
| 公認 | こうにん | official recognition; authorization; authorisation |
| 収支 | しゅうし | income and expenditure; entrées et sorties (comptabilité); revenu et dépense |
| タイトル | タイトル | title; (n) Titel (eines Textes, Filmes etc.); Meisterschaftstitel |
| 追い込む | おいこむ | to herd; to corner; to drive |
| 好調 | こうちょう | favourable; favorable; promising |
| 打撃 | だげき | blow; shock; strike |
| 燃料 | ねんりょう | fuel; combustible; (n) Treibstoff |
| 運輸 | うんゆ | transportation; transport; (n) Transport |
| 閉鎖 | へいさ | closing; closure; shutdown |
| 仕組み | しくみ | structure; construction; arrangement |
| 譲歩 | じょうほ | concession; conciliation; compromise |
| 且つ | かつ | yet; moreover; and |
| 専用 | せんよう | exclusive use; personal use; dedicated |
| 態勢 | たいせい | attitude; posture; preparedness |
| 賃金 | ちんぎん | wages; salaire |
| 討議 | とうぎ | debate; discussion; débat |
| 一切 | いっさい | all; everything; without exception |
| 引き上げる | ひきあげる | to pull up; to drag up; to lift up |
| 像 | ぞう | statue; image; figure |
| 読者 | どくしゃ | reader; lecteur; чита́тель |
| トラブル | トラブル | trouble; ennuis (parfois utilisé comme verbe); troubles |
| 次いで | ついで | next; secondly; subsequently |
| 申し込み | もうしこみ | application; entry; request |
| 落ち込む | おちこむ | to feel down (sad); devenir sombre, triste; survenir de manière inattendu |
| 助 | じょ | help; rescue; assistant |
| 趣旨 | しゅし | meaning; point (e.g. of a statement); gist |
| 倒産 | とうさん | (corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure |
| 避難 | ひなん | taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation |
| 人材 | じんざい | man of talent; capable person; talented person |
| 了承 | りょうしょう | acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding (e.g. "please be understanding of the mess during our renovation") |
| 先に | さきに | before; earlier than; ahead |
| 証拠 | しょうこ | evidence; proof; preuve (jur.) |
| 対処 | たいしょ | deal with; cope; faire face à |
| 経過 | けいか | passage; expiration; progress |
| 源 | みなもと | source; origin; origine |
| 工作 | こうさく | work; construction; handicraft |
| 収益 | しゅうえき | earnings; proceeds; returns |
| 不可欠 | ふかけつ | indispensable; essential; indispensable |
| 尽くす | つくす | to exhaust; to run out; épuiser |
| ムード | ムード | mood; ambiance; atmosphère |
| ダウン | ダウン | down (feathers); (mettre) à terre; down |
| 検事 | けんじ | public prosecutor; procureur général; (n) Staatsanwalt (Rang der Staatsanwaltschaft; unter 検事長, über 副検事) |
| 採決 | さいけつ | vote; roll call; appel |
| 鉄鋼 | てっこう | iron and steel; (n) Stahl; Eisen und Stahl |
| インフレ | インフレ | inflation; inflation; (n) Inflation |
| 依然 | いぜん | still; as yet; as it has been |
How to actually learn N1 vocabulary
- Work top to bottom. The list is ordered by how common each word is, so early study hours convert into real comprehension as fast as possible.
- Let the words carry the kanji. Vocabulary is the natural vehicle for the N1 kanji — a character met inside three words sticks; a character memorised from a list does not.
- Review daily with spaced repetition. Vocabulary is a pure retention problem, and spaced repetition turns it into a short daily habit instead of an endless cramming cycle.
- Know the timeline. For what these word counts mean in months and years, see how long it takes to learn Japanese.
Every word on this list is drillable
A list shows you the mountain; it does not climb it. In Nihongo Master, this vocabulary is taught along an ordered path from N5 through N1, with spaced-repetition drills that decide what you review each day, an AI teacher that explains mistakes in plain English, and a built-in dictionary for every word above.
There is a free tier and a 7-day trial, so you can start today without a credit card.
Frequently asked questions
How many words do you need for the JLPT N1?
This list contains 3,087 words for JLPT N1. The JLPT has not published official vocabulary lists since 2010, so every N1 list — ours included — is based on past exams and established prep materials. Treat it as the working set you should recognise to pass comfortably.
Should I learn vocabulary or kanji first for the N1?
Together. Words are how kanji stick: a character learned inside three real words is far more durable than one memorised from a list of meanings. Work through this vocabulary list and the kanji come with it.
How should I memorise JLPT N1 vocabulary?
Daily spaced repetition, in short sessions. Vocabulary is a pure retention problem, and frequency beats intensity. Every word on this list links into our dictionary, where you can add it to a study list and drill it.
Free Japanese learning resources
Everything you need to start — no account required.
- Free Hiragana Chart All 46 characters with readings, stroke order & a printable PDF.
- Free Katakana Chart The full katakana syllabary plus a free downloadable chart.
- Free JLPT N5 Practice Test Test your level with instant scoring and answer explanations.
- Free JLPT Levels Guide All five levels explained, with tests and complete study lists.
- Tool Japanese Dictionary Look up any word with readings, meanings, and example sentences.
- Free JLPT Study Lists Complete kanji and vocabulary lists for every level, N5 to N1.